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THE QUESTION OF PERMANENT NEUTRALITY OF TURKMENISTAN IN THE LIGHT OF INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC LAW
CZACHOR Rafał
Ph.D. Habil. in Politics, Ph.D. in Law, Assoc. Professor,
Faculty of Law and Administration,
Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Cracow Adademy
(Cracow, Poland)
ORCID: 0000-0002-5929-9719
JEL Classification: K33, K12, F53
ABSTRACT:
THE QUESTION OF PERMANENT NEUTRALITY OF TURKMENISTAN IN THE LIGHT OF INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC LAW
The permanent neutrality of a state is an institution of public international law that embraces both treaty and customary norms. In the modern history it is related mainly to the case of Switzerland that was recognized as a permanent neutral in 1815. With the adoption of the UN Charter and the abolishment of the use of force some scholars argued that the permanent neutrality is obsolete. Despite that, only after the end of the ‘cold war’ growing interest to the permanent neutrality was expressed by various nations. This paper sheds a light on a less known case of Turkmenistan, a country that declared itself as permanent neutral in 1990s. Actually the country fulfils are requirements for being recognized as a neutral. Since it was not directly recognized by any state, and only two UN General Assembly resolutions called its members to do so, its status as a permanent neutral country is disputable. Overall, the paper concludes that one can assert that this country is not permanent neutral, nevertheless it may open a new possibility of obtaining this status through recognition by the international organization.
Keywords: permanent neutrality, international security, permanent neutrality of Turkmenistan, Central Asia
